Hands-only CPR

• Take a brief moment to look and listen to see if the victim is breathing or able to respond.
• If there is a person nearby, look directly at them and tell them to call 911.
  Just yelling, "Call 911" may not be enough. Clear communication is necessary or confusion may occur.
• Determine if the victim collapsed due to heart attack. If yes...continue. If not...you will need to perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.
  Individuals who have had a heart attack generally have enough oxygen remaining in their lungs that mouth-to-mouth is no longer considered necessary. As long as quick and forceful compressions are performed, blood can still flow throughout the body.
• Roll patient onto their back. Move quickly!
• Immediately position your hands on the middle of the chest (one hand on top of the other.)
  Grip your bottom hand for better control.
• Lock your elbows.
  This will allow you to place maximum pressure on the chest.
• Lean into the patient using enough force to compress the chest about 2 inches (keeping elbows locked.) Then pull back up, slightly.
  When you pull up, it sucks air back into the lungs.
• Repeat compressions at about 100 per minute.
  This is quite fast. Find a speedy rhythm and stick to it. It is possible you could break a rib, but that will heal and it is more important to keep the heart functioning with a steady rhythm.
• Do not stop until paramedics arrive.
  You may need to ask someone to stay ready to take turns as this can be very tiring.